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I would love to hear any of these three gentlemen's take on Y chromosome haplogroup mapping studies, human male phylogenetic trees, and genetic maps available on websites like Eupedia. Specifically of interest to me is the rarely-addressed kinship between Scandinavian-Germanic paternal lineages (represented by haplogroup I) and Arabic-Ashkenazic Y chromosome lineages (represented by haplogroup J). If my reading of these phylogenetic trees is correct, the western European "Celtic" fatherlines, (haplogroup R1b), the eastern European Slavic fatherlines (haplogroup R1a) and the native American fatherlines (haplogroup Q) are more closely related to each other than any of them are to the "nordic" scandinavian lines (haplogroup I), which is itself, to my reading, more closely related to Arabic-Ashkenazic fatherlines than it is to other European lines.

Also of interest to me is a specific lingual trend which appears to follow haplogroup I, namely the usage of the numbers "eleven" and "twelve", rather than a "one-teen" or "two-teen" format which most other languages use for the numbers 11 and 12. This unique "eleven" and "twelve" naming convention is found in all Germanic language including Yiddish. Could it share roots with the Babylonian base 60 numbering system and finger-digit counting system which used tallies of 12? Notably, old testament Hebrew uses a "one-teen" and "two-teen" format, and curiously utilizes a similar Verb-Subject-Object word order as the Gaelic languages and many native American languages. Modern spoken "Hebrew", on the other hand, uses a Subject-Verb-Object word order similar to English and other Germanic languages.

I draw no firm conclusions from this information other than to point out that it presents more evidence to suggest that, somewhere along the line, modern "Jews" departed either genetically, linguistically, or both ways, from the original Hebrew people. Of course, this is not a unique trend to Jews; most of us of Irish or Scottish paternal heritage today speak the language of our forefathers' conquerors (English), rather than Gaelic. It should also be noted that Germanic societies including England appear to be composed of a mixture of Y chromosome haplogroups R1 and I, rather than being dominated by haplogroup I. However, the "Celtic Holdout" societies like Ireland, Scotland, and the Basque country to this day contain much higher prevalence of haplogroup R. Lastly, Ukraine appears to host a particularly high prevalence for a branch of haplogroup I. Do you make anything of any of this?

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